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Gregory of Nyssa · 390 · Book
For readers who want the great statement of Christian life as endless progress into God, told through Moses's life and then its meaning; the one work of his most people should read, though no free English translation exists yet.
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Jerome · 390 · Other
For readers of the desert fathers: the life of the monk who brought Antony's way of life to Gaza, with its miracles and its restless travels; longer and more episodic than the Life of Paul.
FreeAudioOriginal languageModerate
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Nilus of Sinai · 390–430 · Treatise
De Monastica Exercitatione stands as one of the foundational treatises on monastic life from the desert tradition of early Christianity. Written by Nilus of Sinai during the late fourth or early fifth…
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Ambrose of Milan · 390–391 · Treatise
De Mysteriis is Ambrose of Milan's explanation of the Christian mysteries—baptism, confirmation, and the Eucharist—delivered as catechetical instruction to newly baptized Christians in fourth-century Milan. Written around 390-391, this treatise emerged from…
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Ambrose of Milan · 390–391 · Treatise
De Sacramentis is a collection of six homilies delivered by Ambrose of Milan to newly baptized Christians during Easter week, likely between 390 and 391. These mystagogical sermons were part of the…
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Jerome · 390 · Other
For scholars of biblical geography: Jerome's Latin version, corrected and expanded, of Eusebius's gazetteer of the places named in Scripture; a reference book, Latin only.
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Nilus of Sinai · 390–430 · Treatise
De Voluntaria Paupertate stands as one of the foundational treatises on monastic poverty from the Egyptian desert tradition. Written during the golden age of desert monasticism, this work emerged from Nilus's direct…
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Paulinus of Nola · 390–431 · Poem
The Carmina of Paulinus of Nola comprise thirty-three surviving poems written over four decades of Christian life, from his conversion around 390 until his death in 431. Paulinus, born into Roman aristocracy…
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Poems Poems of Prudentius
Prudentius · 390–405 · Poem
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens composed his major Christian poems in the final decades of the fourth century and opening years of the fifth, as the Roman Empire faced increasing pressure from barbarian invasions…
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Sulpicius Severus · 390–420 · Book
Sulpitius Severus was a fourth-century Gallic aristocrat who abandoned his legal career and wealth to embrace monastic life after his wife's death. Writing between 390 and 420, he produced three major works…
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Jerome · 391 · Commentary
For students of Jerome's Hebrew learning: notes on Genesis where the Hebrew differs from the Septuagint, drawing on Jewish teachers; Latin only, since the one English translation (Hayward, 1995) is in copyright.
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John Chrysostom · 391 · Sermon
John Chrysostom's thirty-two homilies on Paul's letter to the Romans represent the most sustained biblical exposition from Christianity's greatest preacher. Delivered in Antioch around 391, these sermons emerged from Chrysostom's regular practice…
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Jerome · 391 · Treatise
For readers who liked the Life of Paul: a short captivity story told by its subject, a monk carried off by Saracens; Jerome's most novel-like page.
FreeOriginal languageEasy or light
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Augustine of Hippo · 391–430 · Sermon
Augustine's Sermones represent four decades of preaching to the congregations of Hippo Regius, delivered weekly and on feast days from his ordination as priest in 391 until his death in 430. These…
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Sermons on Scripture Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament
Augustine of Hippo · 391–430 · Sermon
Augustine's Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament preserves nearly four decades of his preaching ministry as Bishop of Hippo, delivered to congregations across North Africa from his episcopal consecration in…
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Jerome · 392 · Treatise
For anyone who wants a map of Christian writing to 392 from someone who had read it: 135 short notices from Peter to Jerome himself; the first history of Christian literature, and a working reference still.
FreeAudioOriginal languageModerate
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Prudentius · 392–405 · Poem
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens stands as the greatest Christian poet of late antiquity, writing in the final decades of the fourth and early fifth centuries as the Roman Empire underwent profound transformation. His…
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Jerome · 393 · Treatise
For students of early Christian views of marriage, virginity and fasting, and of the classical learning Jerome marshals for them; two long books, the first notorious for its low view of marriage.
FreeAudioOriginal languageHard
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Letters Letters of Paulinus of Nola
Paulinus of Nola · 394–431 · Letter
The letters of Paulinus of Nola span nearly four decades of correspondence from 394 to 431 CE, documenting one of the most remarkable spiritual journeys in early Christian history. Born into Roman…
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Augustine of Hippo · 396–426 · Treatise
Augustine's On Christian Doctrine emerged from the practical needs of fourth and fifth-century Christian preachers and teachers who lacked systematic guidance for interpreting Scripture and communicating its truths effectively. Writing over three…
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Augustine of Hippo · 397–398 · Treatise
Augustine's Contra Faustum Manichaeum stands as his most comprehensive refutation of Manichaeism, the dualistic religion he had embraced for nine years before his conversion to Christianity. Written between 397 and 398, this…
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Augustine of Hippo · 397–400 · Book
The Confessions stands as the first true autobiography in Western literature and one of Christianity's most influential works of spiritual formation. Written between 397 and 400 by Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, this…
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Sulpicius Severus · 397 · Other
The Life of Saint Martin stands as one of the most influential hagiographies of the early church, written by Sulpicius Severus around 397 CE while Martin still lived. Severus, a wealthy Gallic…
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Rufinus of Aquileia · 397–398 · Book
De Principiis represents Rufinus of Aquileia's Latin translation and adaptation of Origen's foundational theological work On First Principles, completed between 397 and 398. Rufinus undertook this project amid intense controversy over Origen's…
