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John Donne · 1590–1631 · Book
John Donne's poetry and prose emerged from the religious and intellectual ferment of late Renaissance England, spanning his transformation from ambitious courtier and rake to Anglican priest and dean of St. Paul's…
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John Donne · 1590–1617 · Poem
John Donne's Songs and Sonnets represents a revolutionary collection of love poetry written during his youth and early manhood, before his ordination to the Anglican priesthood. Composed primarily between 1590 and 1617,…
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John of the Cross · 1591 · Treatise
For anyone trying to live a disciplined spiritual life: short, practical warnings against the world, the devil and the flesh.
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John Donne · 1593–1596 · Poem
John Donne's Elegies are a collection of twenty erotic poems written during his youth in the 1590s, before his ordination and long before his fame as a preacher. Composed when Donne was…
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Richard Hooker · 1593–1662 · Treatise
Richard Hooker's monumental treatise emerged from the heated ecclesiastical controversies of Elizabethan England, where Puritan reformers demanded the wholesale replacement of Anglican church government with Presbyterian polity based strictly on biblical precedent.…
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John Donne · 1593–1598 · Poem
John Donne's five verse satires, composed between 1593 and 1598 during his years as a young law student at Lincoln's Inn, emerged from the ribald intellectual culture of Elizabethan London's legal community.…
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Francis de Sales · 1595 · Treatise
The Controverses emerged from Francis de Sales' pastoral mission to the Chablais region of Savoy, where Calvinist influence had displaced Catholic practice for decades. Appointed provost of the cathedral chapter at Geneva…
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Joseph Hall · 1597 · Poem
Joseph Hall's Virgidemiarum, published in 1597 when he was still a young Cambridge scholar, stands as England's first major collection of formal verse satire in the classical tradition. Written in six books…
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Joseph Hall · 1605 · Treatise
Joseph Hall's Meditations and Vows emerged from the young Anglican cleric's desire to create a structured approach to personal devotion that could serve both clergy and educated laypeople in early seventeenth-century England.…
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Lancelot Andrewes · 1605 · Sermon
This Christmas sermon represents one of Lancelot Andrewes's most celebrated homiletical performances, delivered before King James I at Whitehall Palace on December 25, 1605. Andrewes, who served as Bishop of Chichester and…
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Lancelot Andrewes · 1605–1624 · Sermon
These seventeen sermons on Christ's birth emerge from Lancelot Andrewes's annual Christmas Day preaching before the court of King James I between 1605 and 1624. As Bishop of Chichester, Ely, and finally…
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Joseph Hall · 1605 · Treatise
Joseph Hall's satirical treatise emerged during the early years of James I's reign, when English society was grappling with both genuine spiritual reform and fashionable religious posturing. Writing as an Anglican clergyman…
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True Christianity Vier Bücher vom wahren Christentum
Johann Arndt · 1605–1610 · Book
Johann Arndt's Four Books on True Christianity emerged from his concern that Lutheran orthodoxy had become intellectually rigorous but spiritually sterile. Writing in the early seventeenth century as a parish pastor who…
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Jacobus Arminius · 1608 · Treatise
The Declaration of Sentiments represents Jacobus Arminius's formal theological defense, written in 1608 as he faced mounting accusations of heresy from his Reformed colleagues at Leiden University. As tensions escalated over his…
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Theological Works The Works of James Arminius, Volume 2
Jacobus Arminius · 1608–1609 · Book
The second volume of Arminius's collected works contains his most sustained theological arguments, written during his professorship at Leiden University from 1603 until his death in 1609. These treatises emerged from the…
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John Donne · 1609–1617 · Poem
John Donne's Holy Sonnets emerged from the poet's spiritual awakening following his conversion from Catholicism to Anglicanism and his ordination as a priest in 1615. Written between 1609 and 1617, these nineteen…
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Francis de Sales · 1609 · Book
Francis de Sales wrote this spiritual guide in 1609 as a response to the widespread belief that serious devotion to God was reserved for monks, nuns, and clergy. Drawing from his pastoral…
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Lancelot Andrewes · 1609 · Treatise
Tortura Torti stands as Lancelot Andrewes's most sustained theological polemic, written in response to Cardinal Robert Bellarmine's attack on the oath of allegiance that English Catholics were required to take following the…
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Jacobus Arminius · 1610 · Treatise
The Apologia Adversus Articulos XXXI represents Jacobus Arminius's final theological defense, written in the months before his death in 1610. This treatise emerged from sustained accusations by his Reformed colleagues at Leiden…
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Johann Arndt · 1610 · Book
Johann Arndt's Five Books on True Christianity emerged from his deep concern that Lutheran orthodoxy had calcified into mere intellectual assent while neglecting the transformative power of faith. Writing in early seventeenth-century…
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John Donne · 1610 · Treatise
John Donne's Pseudo-Martyr emerged from the charged atmosphere following the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when English Catholics faced intense pressure to prove their political loyalty. Written as a learned treatise rather than…
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John Donne · 1611–1612 · Poem
John Donne's The Anniversaries comprises two long poems written to commemorate the death of Elizabeth Drury, the fifteen-year-old daughter of his patron Sir Robert Drury. The first poem, "An Anatomy of the…
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King James Version King James Version / Authorized Version
Six companies of roughly 47 scholars · 1611 · Scripture
Commissioned in the reign of James I and first printed in 1611, the King James Version — also known as the Authorized Version — is widely regarded as the most influential English…
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Jacobus Arminius · 1612 · Treatise
The Examen Modestum Libelli emerged from the heated theological controversies that engulfed the Dutch Reformed Church in the early seventeenth century. Jacobus Arminius composed this treatise as a careful response to a…
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