For For readers with Latin, or students of how the Gospel was read around 398: a brisk commentary written in two weeks for Eusebius of Cremona; no public-domain English exists.
Should I read this?
For the general reader
1 of 5specialist interest
For the researcher
4 of 5important
Difficulty
4 of 5hard
Four books on Matthew dictated in a fortnight before Easter 398 for a friend about to sail: brisk, literal, drawing on Origen and others, and the most-read Latin commentary on the Gospel through the Middle Ages. In Latin only here.
How it proceeds
Philosophic2 of 5
Scriptural5 of 5
Experiential1 of 5
Sociological1 of 5
Historical1 of 5
Independent intensities, 0–5 — what the work is made of, not how good it is.
Jerome's Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew emerged from his mature years as a biblical scholar in Bethlehem, written between 398 and 420 as part of his ambitious project to provide the Latin church with authoritative scriptural exposition. Having already completed his monumental Vulgate translation, Jerome turned to systematic commentary work, beginning with Matthew as the gospel that opens the New Testament canon and serves as the primary bridge between the Hebrew scriptures and Christian revelation.
The commentary demonstrates Jerome's characteristic fusion of rigorous philological method with pastoral concern. He moves verse by verse through Matthew's text, drawing extensively on his knowledge of Hebrew and Greek to clarify textual difficulties while engaging seriously with earlier Christian interpreters, particularly Origen, whose work he both utilized and critiqued. Jerome's treatment is notably attentive to Matthew's Jewish context, exploring connections between Jesus's teachings and Hebrew scripture with the insight of someone who had studied with Jewish teachers. He addresses theological controversies of his day, particularly Arianism, while maintaining focus on the text's literal sense before exploring its spiritual meanings. The work reveals Jerome's conviction that sound doctrine emerges from careful attention to what the biblical authors actually wrote, combined with the church's interpretive tradition.
This commentary became foundational for medieval biblical interpretation and remained influential through the Reformation period, with both Catholic and Protestant scholars drawing on Jerome's textual insights. Modern readers encounter in this work one of the earliest systematic attempts to read Matthew with serious attention to its original languages and historical context.
Who should read this: Students of early biblical interpretation and those interested in how the church fathers approached scriptural authority will find Jerome's method instructive, though readers seeking devotional material or systematic theology will find his verse-by-verse approach more technical than spiritually nourishing.
Editions
Externaloff-site sources
Free downloads
PDFCommentarii in Evangelium Matthaei (Internet Archive (Migne PL 26 — Matthew, the Pauline commentaries, the Psalms))PDLatin
Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew
by Jerome
For For readers with Latin, or students of how the Gospel was read around 398: a brisk commentary written in two weeks for Eusebius of Cremona; no public-domain English exists.
Should I read this?
Four books on Matthew dictated in a fortnight before Easter 398 for a friend about to sail: brisk, literal, drawing on Origen and others, and the most-read Latin commentary on the Gospel through the Middle Ages. In Latin only here.
How it proceeds
Independent intensities, 0–5 — what the work is made of, not how good it is.
Jerome's Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew emerged from his mature years as a biblical scholar in Bethlehem, written between 398 and 420 as part of his ambitious project to provide the Latin church with authoritative scriptural exposition. Having already completed his monumental Vulgate translation, Jerome turned to systematic commentary work, beginning with Matthew as the gospel that opens the New Testament canon and serves as the primary bridge between the Hebrew scriptures and Christian revelation.
The commentary demonstrates Jerome's characteristic fusion of rigorous philological method with pastoral concern. He moves verse by verse through Matthew's text, drawing extensively on his knowledge of Hebrew and Greek to clarify textual difficulties while engaging seriously with earlier Christian interpreters, particularly Origen, whose work he both utilized and critiqued. Jerome's treatment is notably attentive to Matthew's Jewish context, exploring connections between Jesus's teachings and Hebrew scripture with the insight of someone who had studied with Jewish teachers. He addresses theological controversies of his day, particularly Arianism, while maintaining focus on the text's literal sense before exploring its spiritual meanings. The work reveals Jerome's conviction that sound doctrine emerges from careful attention to what the biblical authors actually wrote, combined with the church's interpretive tradition.
This commentary became foundational for medieval biblical interpretation and remained influential through the Reformation period, with both Catholic and Protestant scholars drawing on Jerome's textual insights. Modern readers encounter in this work one of the earliest systematic attempts to read Matthew with serious attention to its original languages and historical context.
Who should read this: Students of early biblical interpretation and those interested in how the church fathers approached scriptural authority will find Jerome's method instructive, though readers seeking devotional material or systematic theology will find his verse-by-verse approach more technical than spiritually nourishing.
Editions
External off-site sources
Free downloads